Friday, December 13, 2013

History course

Why is employee engagement important and what is its relationship to ethics How would you rate the level of employee engagement at your current place of employment What factors influence this
Employee engagement is very important in the overall performance of a business. Employee engagement comes from the rate of motivation provided by the management. For an employee to impact positively, heshe must have personal interest in the corporation. Employee ethics demand that an employee should always perform at hisher level best without been coerced or forced. I work in a firm consisting of about 25employees. The level of employee engagement in the activities of the company is very high. This is created by the communication network the company has enacted in the company. The degree of coordination is very high and every body feels appreciated as part of the company. The other form of motivation is our wage rates. Other employees in the same level in different companies receive lower salary than we do in our organization. Our rates are very competitive and this has been a big motivator to us. The best method to communicate the ethical conducts is through memos. This has been proved to be workable by the international public relations body.

Ethical dilemmas and the best way to prepare employees
The worst type of ethical dilemma I have experienced in my work life is the misappropriation of funds by the superiors.  I used to work in an audit firm as an accountant. My work was to analyze the financial books of our clients company then forward the results to my boss. Little did I know that after I had composed my final report and forwarded it my boss he would then alter the figures and replace them with his own It later came to my knowledge that he had some agreement with some of the client companys accountants to design the figures to meet a higher figure which they would reconcile and steal some amount from the company. I also came to realize that this form of ethical dilemma had deepened its roots in the audit and accounting industries. Most companies are losing a lot of money from this fraudulent behavior of accountants. The only solution to curb this ethical dilemma is to establish laws which advocate for harsh punishment to the defaulters of the accountants code of ethics. This is because it has been proven that there is no way an accountant will not steal from his company irregardless of how many audits are carried.

Comparison between Enron and shell codes of ethics
Enron was one of the most successful companies in the history of the United States in the 1990s. Enron collapsed in the year 2001 due to misappropriation of funds by the managers. In its draft of ethic codes, Enron provided that an employee of the company irregardless of the position held should never indulge in activities that conflict with the financial interests of the company. This is the same code of ethics applied by shell. The Enron scandal as it would later be called led to the formation of the Sarbanes Oxley act. Managers in Enron did not adhere to these codes. Instead they turned the companys financial gains to theirs. This was evident by the large sums of money they paid from their personal accounts during their bankruptcy case in New York. The case at Enron was of willful fraud imposed by the audit firm in collaboration with the firm managers.

Transition from servants to slaves
The transition phase from servants to slaves came in the 17th century. Initially, English settlers did not link slavery to a certain race or ethnic group. In the mid 17the century, the white settlers employed poor individuals from Europe and some parts of Asia (India) as indentured servants. The deal was that they could work for a certain period then they are released after the period of contract was over. The period would be between 3 to 7 years. On their release they would be offered freedom dues in terms of land. The period 1670s saw the transition period from servants to slaves. After these indentured servants were released they began to pose threat to the white settlers on land ownership. This led to the abolishment of the indentured servants to slavery. From then on the white settlers wanted people they could identify by color like Africans and Indians (red). This saw the encryption of race into slavery.

Slavery in Chesapeake, in the low country of South Carolina and Georgia, and in the northern colonies
In Chesapeake slavery was boosted by the urge to make the region the no.1 tobacco producer in the region. This was also the situation in South Carolina. The farmers in South Carolina argued that Africans were the best form of labor they could get because of their ability to persevere the harsh climatical conditions of the uplands. In Georgia the Spanish military presence in the region opposed the use of enslaved Africans for labor. They wanted the freed slaves to join the Spanish army to help in conquering the Britons. The lowland parts of Georgia were not performing well in terms of agriculture and the Spaniards did not see the need for slavery. The northern states were the first to sanction slavery in America. This states included New York, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania and New Jersey. The region was known as a free state.

How did enslaved Africans use cultural retentions to preserve their humanity and to implement culture in the

New World
A strong African influence prevails in music, art and religious practices of the world today. Most of these influences are strongly impacted in the Caribbean region and several parts of the United States. Although in foreign land, Africans still practiced and maintained their cultural beliefs despite being forced to adopt the American way of life. Africans influenced the American English so much to come up with the current slang.  Due to slavery, Africans abandoned some of their cultural practices but they retained the strong ones. In the process they adapted American culture and formed the current African-American culture. African culture has influenced if not dominated the music industry greatly. Africans festival celebrations among families usually called cookouts have been adopted by the Americans and are largely practiced.
Three examples of resistance and rebellion which demonstrate African Americansunwillingness to fully accept the conditions of servitude

The Underground Railroad enslaved Africans angered by the harsh conditions in the United States decided to escape to Canada using an underground rail way system. Under the guidance of a former slave who had run away (Harriet Tubman) the Africans were determined to escape to Canada using a train they called the
North Star.

The election of 1860 Abraham Lincoln won the election due to his support on the ban of slavery. This was followed by the civil war between the years 1861-1865. The African slaves formed the southern union army in support of President Lincoln. They saw this as a move to relinquish their chains and gain freedom from the white settlers. They knew if Lincoln won it was the end of slavery.
The anti-slavery movement this was formed in the northern territories in order to lure the southern territories to free the enslaved Africans. This saw the involvement of Africans in politics to ensure total abolishment of slavery

Second World War was the work of one man Adolf Hitler
I greatly second tat the Second World War was the work of one man Adolf Hitler. After he attacked Poland with the aim of expansion, Britain and France declared war on Germany two days later. This caused uproar between the powerful nations. It saw the formation of the allied and the axis. The allied consisted of the USA and the Soviet Union. The axis consisted of Germany, Finland, Japan and others. Chapter 13 states that if adolf Hitler would have surrendered before the Britons and France, the war would have lasted only 1day but due to his persistence it took about four years to end. Adolf Hitler had a thirsty for power and wanted to revenge for the Germans in their failure to emerge as winners in the 1st world war.

The appeasement of the western powers to Hitlers
The appeasement of the western powers to Hitlers advance was for the best. Hitler and his thirsty for superiority was not going to back down were it not for the involvement of the other nations. After Hitlers declaration to attack Russia on 1939, the Russians raised alarm on the Nazis. They were opposed to the rule of Hitler and were determined to return back peace to the nations conquered by the Germans. The United States came in as a neutral nation. The US aimed at diffusing the situation. Although the United States came out the biggest benefactor, it was determined to restore the countries to their former situations. This is evident in their involvement in the reconstruction of Germany and Japan.

The holocaust
The holocaust also known as the Shoah was the term used to refer to the genocide of more than 6million European Jews during the ww11 by the German Nazis. This is just a side bar for it does not include all the murders carried by the Germans and the other countries during the war. It omits the attacks on the ethnic poles, the Romans, Jehovah witness, the disabled, political opponents and the Russian civilians. If all this murders and others were taken into account of the holocaust then the total would be very huge. The holocaust in its definition should also cover the whole calamity. In ww11 the holocaust only talks about the Nazis. What about the Americans on Japan and Germany. India and china are perceived to be the countries who recorded the highest number of casualties. They should be entailed in the holocaust. The total number of lives lost at the end of ww11 was over 50million people with Russia alone counting 20million.

Hitlers defeat
Hitler was defeated because of his small number of army against his opponents. His opponents army counted five times bigger. They had excellent political leaders and military commanders unlike Hitlers unqualified rule of violence. Hitler dream even before the start of the ww11 was to build a vast German Empire stretching across Central and Eastern Europe. The Britons, France and the USA knew early in advance that Hitler was building a secret army but they undermined him little did they know that he would cost the lives of over 50million people. Hitlers dream was unachievable because of his lack of composure in his army. His dictatorial rule saw the Nazis been pushed in to a war they did not want to be part of.

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